Future directions in cancer immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies

Introduction : Cancer immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has become a therapy great potential nowadays. It is based on the affinity of to bind specific molecules, thus inhibiting growth and spread cancer. There wide variety mAbs differentiated mechanisms enormous clinical benefits. However, different immunotherapeutic alternatives have emerged due their limitations, such as long duration organ toxicity inability penetrate intracellularly. This mini-review will discuss emerging cancer immunotherapies mAbs. Bispecific (BsAbs) Antibodies designed two epitopes an antigen. Antibody fragments Fragments Fab region generated from variable IgG IgM scFv. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs ): Administration toxin high specificity for tumour target. Nanobodies (or nanocomponents) Small antibody heavy chain. Intrabodies intracellular antibodies) that are expressed intracellularly synthesised inside cells by retroviral delivery systems. Stereospecific catalytic recognise 3D configurations target molecules. Combination Therapies combine cytokines tumour-targeted molecule immunotherapeutics drugs can stimulate pathways primarily involved in immune cell checkpoints mAb-like targets. Conclusion These new varieties present significant advantages, but future research should continue improve efficacy safety identify biomarkers. Graphical abstract